{"id":951303,"date":"2019-04-01T19:50:53","date_gmt":"2019-04-01T19:50:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.asf-quebec.org\/article-sur-la-resilience-aux-inondations-renforcer-la-premiere-ligne\/"},"modified":"2019-04-01T19:50:53","modified_gmt":"2019-04-01T19:50:53","slug":"article-sur-la-resilience-aux-inondations-renforcer-la-premiere-ligne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.asf-quebec.org\/en\/article-sur-la-resilience-aux-inondations-renforcer-la-premiere-ligne\/","title":{"rendered":"Article sur la r\u00e9silience aux inondations : “Renforcer la premi\u00e8re ligne”"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Architecture sans fronti\u00e8res Qu\u00e9bec (ASFQ) pr\u00e9pare un programme de r\u00e9silience aux inondations. Les objectifs\u2009: accro\u00eetre sa capacit\u00e9 d\u2019intervention, offrir une meilleure assistance aux sinistr\u00e9s et valoriser le r\u00f4le de l\u2019architecture dans la protection du cadre b\u00e2ti contre les impacts des changements climatiques.<\/strong><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Article original<\/a> paru dans la revue Esquisses<\/em> de l’OAQ du printemps 2019, parue sous le th\u00e8me “Architecture r\u00e9siliente”.<\/p>\n

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Par Sylvie Lemieux<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab\u2009En situation d\u2019urgence, on ne peut pas intervenir efficacement en agissant de mani\u00e8re spontan\u00e9e\u2009\u00bb, affirme Bruno Demers, directeur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral d\u2019ASFQ, le bras humanitaire de l\u2019OAQ. C\u2019est une des le\u00e7ons que l\u2019organisation tire des inondations de 2017, les plus importantes jamais vues au Qu\u00e9bec avec plus de 5300 r\u00e9sidences endommag\u00e9es et 4000 personnes \u00e9vacu\u00e9es dans plus de 260\u00a0municipalit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00c0 cette occasion, comme lors des inondations de 2011 en Mont\u00e9r\u00e9gie, ASFQ avait offert de la documentation technique en ligne et mobilis\u00e9 des architectes b\u00e9n\u00e9voles pour conseiller des sinistr\u00e9s sur les moyens \u00e0 prendre pour remettre leur habitation en \u00e9tat. \u00ab\u2009Notre impact est rest\u00e9 limit\u00e9 en raison de diff\u00e9rents facteurs\u2009: le manque de ressources et de temps et, surtout, l\u2019absence d\u2019un programme permanent pr\u00eat \u00e0 \u00eatre d\u00e9ploy\u00e9, explique Bruno Demers. Lorsqu\u2019une catastrophe de ce genre frappe, on doit \u00eatre pr\u00e9par\u00e9 \u00e0 y faire face. De fa\u00e7on collective, il faut se doter des capacit\u00e9s n\u00e9cessaires pour y r\u00e9sister et pour s\u2019en remettre. C\u2019est cela, la r\u00e9silience.\u2009\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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La grande oubli\u00e9e<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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La mise sur pied d\u2019un programme de r\u00e9silience est devenue une priorit\u00e9 strat\u00e9gique pour l\u2019organisme \u00e0 la suite du Forum Inondations organis\u00e9 par le gouvernement du Qu\u00e9bec \u00e0 l\u2019automne 2017. Diff\u00e9rents acteurs concern\u00e9s par les \u00e9v\u00e8nements du printemps pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent s\u2019y \u00e9taient r\u00e9unis afin de r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 des pistes de solution pour am\u00e9liorer la r\u00e9silience de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise lors de pareils \u00e9pisodes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Apr\u00e8s une autre consultation tenue en d\u00e9cembre 2017, le minist\u00e8re de la S\u00e9curit\u00e9 publique a publi\u00e9 le Plan d\u2019action en mati\u00e8re de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 civile relatif aux inondations. \u00ab\u2009Les notions d\u2019architecture, de design et d\u2019environnement b\u00e2ti \u00e9taient absentes des discussions comme elles le sont du plan d\u2019action, d\u00e9plore Bruno Demers. [D\u2019o\u00f9 la d\u00e9cision] de cr\u00e9er un programme capable de pr\u00e9senter la plus-value de l\u2019architecture dans la discussion publique sur la r\u00e9silience aux inondations.\u2009\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab Certaines mesures d\u2019adaptation aux pluies diluviennes et inondations pourraient \u00eatre incluses dans la r\u00e9glementation, par exemple \u00e9viter les composantes putrescibles et les syst\u00e8mes \u00e9lectriques sous la ligne de mont\u00e9e des eaux.\u2009\u00bb
\n\u2013 Bruno Demers<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Intervenir et pr\u00e9venir<\/h4>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Le programme qu\u2019ASFQ entend mettre sur pied comporterait deux volets\u2009: intervention et pr\u00e9vention. Dans le volet intervention, l\u2019organisation pr\u00e9voit, lors d\u2019une future inondation, une campagne d\u2019information aupr\u00e8s des municipalit\u00e9s et des sinistr\u00e9s par l\u2019entremise d\u2019outils de communication et de visites des zones touch\u00e9es par des architectes b\u00e9n\u00e9voles. ASFQ souhaite aussi proposer un protocole d\u2019intervention dans lequel les mandats d\u2019expertise relatifs \u00e0 la remise en \u00e9tat des b\u00e2timents ou \u00e0 leur d\u00e9molition pourraient \u00eatre confi\u00e9s \u00e0 des professionnels de la construction, dont des architectes, form\u00e9s en \u00e9valuation post-inondation. Cela suppose de conclure \u00e0 l\u2019avance des ententes avec les autorit\u00e9s publiques.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Dans le volet pr\u00e9vention, ASFQ veut r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir aux meilleurs moyens \u00e0 prendre pour limiter les dommages directs et indirects subis par le cadre b\u00e2ti et ses occupants lors d\u2019une inondation. Il compte stimuler le d\u00e9bat public afin de faire \u00e9voluer les politiques et la r\u00e9glementation \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Plusieurs questions se posent, notamment celle de la pertinence de reconstruire des maisons dans des zones inondables. \u00ab\u2009Au-del\u00e0 de cet aspect litigieux, ne peut-on pas reconstruire autrement\u2009?\u2009\u00bb demande Bruno Demers. \u00ab\u2009On pourrait s\u2019inspirer de villes ailleurs dans le monde qui ont appris \u00e0 vivre avec les inondations ou qui sont carr\u00e9ment construites sur l\u2019eau. Certaines mesures d\u2019adaptation aux pluies diluviennes et inondations pourraient \u00eatre incluses dans la r\u00e9glementation, par exemple \u00e9viter les composantes putrescibles et les syst\u00e8mes \u00e9lectriques sous la ligne de mont\u00e9e des eaux.\u2009\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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ASFQ a \u00e9galement l\u2019intention de concevoir de la formation \u00e0 l\u2019intention des professionnels du b\u00e2timent afin qu\u2019ils contribuent par leur pratique \u00e0 un environnement b\u00e2ti r\u00e9silient. On envisage aussi de la formation sur les \u00e9valuations post-catastrophe.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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L\u2019organisme souhaite lancer son programme en 2020 et le d\u00e9ployer \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle du Qu\u00e9bec selon un \u00e9ch\u00e9ancier \u00e0 d\u00e9terminer. Il lui reste \u00e0 trouver les bons partenaires et \u00e0 consolider des alliances avec les instances municipales et provinciales concern\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\u00ab\u2009Chose certaine, il n\u2019y aura pas de r\u00e9silience aux inondations sans l\u2019apport de l\u2019architecture, soutient Bruno Demers. En raison des changements climatiques, les experts confirment que la fr\u00e9quence et l\u2019ampleur des inondations vont augmenter. Dans ce contexte, la question qu\u2019il faut se poser c\u2019est\u2009: comment mieux concevoir, construire et vivre avec l\u2019eau\u2009?\u2009\u00bb<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Architecture sans fronti\u00e8res Qu\u00e9bec (ASFQ) pr\u00e9pare un programme de r\u00e9silience […]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":302318,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[39],"class_list":["post-951303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-rd-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nArticle sur la r\u00e9silience aux inondations : "Renforcer la premi\u00e8re ligne" - Architecture Sans Fronti\u00e8res Qu\u00e9bec %<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Article sur la r\u00e9silience aux inondations : "Renforcer la premi\u00e8re ligne"\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.asf-quebec.org\/en\/article-sur-la-resilience-aux-inondations-renforcer-la-premiere-ligne\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Article sur la r\u00e9silience aux inondations : "Renforcer la premi\u00e8re ligne" - 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